السبت، 27 أبريل 2013

Safety rules

Identify the type of materials in the area
Class A:
SOLIDS such as paper, wood, plastic etc
Class B:
FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS such as paraffin, petrol, oil etc
Class C:
FLAMMABLE GASES such as propane, butane, methane etc
Class D:
METALS such as aluminium, magnesium, titanium etc
Class E:
Fires involving ELECTRICAL APPARATUS
Class F:
Cooking OIL & FAT etc

                                                              
Types of extinguishers and their colours :
1-      Water extinguishers “Red”: The cheapest and most widely used fire extinguishers. Used for Class A fires. Not suitable for Class B (Liquid) fires, or where electricity is involved
2-       Foam extinguishers “Cream” : used for electricity and it is safer than the water extinguishers
3-       Dry powder fire extinguishers “ Blue”: Often termed the ‘multi-purpose’ extinguisher, it can be used for classes A,B and C. (best use for flammable liquid)
4-      CO2 fire extinguishers “Black”: used for flammable liquid and electrical apparatus
5-      Wet fire extinguishers: used for class F (cooking oil and fat)
 
Safety rules: (cooking)
  • Keep appliances clean, and wipe surfaces after spills. Clean stove surfaces and ovens regularly.
  • Wear tight-fitting sleeves, or roll them up when cooking
  • Keep flammable objects, including pot holders, dish towels and curtains, at least three feet away from the stove.
  • Wood and coal stoves, fireplaces, chimneys, and all other solid-fueled heating equipment needs to be inspected annually by a professional and cleaned accordingly.
  • Assure microwaves have enough room to breathe, that all the vents are cleared of obstructions.
  • If there is a microwave fire, keep the door closed and unplug the microwave. Make sure to have the microwave oven serviced before you use it again.
  • If there is an oven fire, keep the door closed and turn off the heat. If the fire doesn't go out immediately, call the fire department.
 
Safety rules: (electricity)
  • Replace or repair loose or frayed cords on all electrical devices.
  • If outlets or switches feel warm, shut off the circuit and have them checked by an electrician.
  • Try to avoid extension cords. If you feel an extension cord is necessary, make sure that it is not frayed or worn. Do not run it under carpet or around doorways.
  • Never overload a socket. The use of "octopus" outlets or "power bar", outlet extensions that accommodate several plugs, is strongly discouraged. Try to limit one high-wattage appliance into each individual outlet at a time.
  • If a circuit breaker trips or a fuse blows frequently, cut down on the number of appliances on that line. In many older homes, the capacity of the wiring system has not kept pace with today's modern appliances and can overload electrical systems. Some overload signals include: dimming lights when an appliance goes on, fuses blowing frequently or shrinking TV picture.
  • Assure there's plenty of air space around home entertainment units such as the TV and stereo to avoid overheating.
Fire safety refers to precautions that are taken to prevent or reduce the likelihood of a fire that may result in death, injury, or property damage
Some common fire hazards are:
  • Kitchen fires from unattended cooking, such as frying, broiling, and simmering
  • Electrical systems that are overloaded, resulting in hot wiring or connections, or failed components
  • Combustible storage areas with insufficient protection
  • Combustibles near equipment that generates heat, flame, or sparks
  • Candles and other open flames
  • Smoking (Cigarettes, cigars, pipes, lighters, etc.)
  • Equipment that generates heat and utilizes combustible materials
  • Flammable liquids and aerosols
  • Flammable solvents (and rags soaked with solvent) placed in enclosed trash cans
  • Fireplace chimneys not properly or regularly cleaned
  • Cooking appliances - stoves, ovens
  • Heating appliances - fireplaces, wood burning stoves, furnaces, boilers, portable heaters
  • Household appliances - clothes dryers, curling irons, hair dryers, refrigerators, freezers
  • Electrical wiring in poor condition
  • Batteries
  • Personal ignition sources - matches, lighters
  • Electronic and electrical equipment
  • Exterior cooking equipment - barbecue
Fire producers:
1-      Set emergency strategies and all people leave the building and make sure you close the doors behind you.
2-      Keep clam and tell your safety instructors
3-      Be aware of the fire location and the position of call point
4-      Know the place of fire extinguishers and be aware to arise an alarm
5-      Run to the assembly point  
6-      Call for help ( safety and fire support)
 

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